Mail fraud and wire fraud are two of the most commonly charged federal financial offenses in the United States. While they may sound similar—and are often charged together—there are key differences in how they’re defined, how prosecutors prove them, and how they’re penalized. If you’re under investigation for fraud, understanding the distinctions can be critical to building your defense.
At Glozman Law, we represent clients across the country who are facing serious white-collar charges. Whether you’re in Chicago or elsewhere in the U.S., here’s what you need to know about mail fraud vs. wire fraud.
Mail fraud is defined under 18 U.S.C. § 1341. It occurs when someone uses the U.S. Postal Service or a private mail carrier (like FedEx or UPS) to carry out a scheme to defraud another person, business, or government agency.
Key elements the prosecution must prove:
Examples of mail fraud include:
The mail does not need to contain the actual fraudulent statement—any mailing that furthers the scheme (even just a check or receipt) can trigger mail fraud charges.
Wire fraud is outlined under 18 U.S.C. § 1343. It involves the use of electronic communications—such as phone calls, emails, text messages, faxes, or internet transactions—to commit a fraud scheme.
To convict someone of wire fraud, the government must prove:
Examples of wire fraud include:
Wire fraud can occur entirely online or via telecommunications—no physical documents or mail are required.
The penalties for both mail fraud and wire fraud are virtually identical:
If the fraud involves a financial institution or federal disaster relief funds (like PPP loans), the sentence can increase to 30 years and fines up to $1 million
In addition, those convicted may be ordered to pay restitution, forfeit assets, and face long-term damage to their professional reputation.
Mail and wire fraud statutes are intentionally broad. Federal prosecutors frequently rely on them because they apply to nearly any type of financial deception that involves either the mail or electronic communications. In complex white-collar cases, it’s common to see mail and wire fraud charges stacked alongside other offenses such as bank fraud, money laundering, or conspiracy.
Being charged with mail or wire fraud is serious. These crimes are federal felonies—and convictions carry long-term consequences. If you’re being investigated or have already been charged, you need an experienced federal defense attorney who understands how these cases are built and how to dismantle them.
At Glozman Law, we take a strategic, aggressive approach to defending clients nationwide. We challenge the evidence, question witness credibility, and work to have charges reduced or dismissed whenever possible. Whether you’re accused of a one-time mistake or targeted in a large-scale investigation, we’re here to fight for your future.
Facing a mail or wire fraud charge? Don’t wait for the feds to make the next move. Contact Glozman Law today for a confidential consultation. We serve clients across the United States and are ready to help you protect your rights, your reputation, and your freedom.